我国海水淡化日处理能力突破 300 万吨

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我国海水淡化日处理能力突破 300 万吨

2026年9月，中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所提出一种适合光固化三维打印的聚氨酯弹性体设计。团队把维持形状的化学交联结构，与能够动态结合和分离的超分子作用结合起来，希望缓解软材料常见的强度、韧性和耐磨性难以同时提升的问题，为复杂柔性部件提供更可靠的打印材料。

其中，引入的UPy单元能够形成四重氢键，在受力过程中帮助分子链重新排列并消耗能量，同时提高内部结构的稳定程度。打印样品的拉伸强度达到26.84兆帕，韧性达到每立方米38.60兆焦，磨损率也较低。结构分析表明，性能改善并非单纯依赖增加较硬组分，而与硬相聚集和动态氢键的共同作用有关。研究为柔性电子、软体机器人等方向的材料开发提供了可参考的组合策略。上述指标对应实验配方和测试条件，不同打印形状、固化过程及使用环境下的表现，还需根据具体应用进一步检验。

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